Cold forming of complexly curved glass articles

ABSTRACT

Embodiments of this disclosure pertain to a vehicle interior system comprising a base having a base surface; and a glass article coupled to the surface, wherein the glass article comprises a first portion comprising a first elastically deformed surface forming a first concave shape with a first radius of curvature from about 20 mm to about 2000 mm, and a second elastically deformed surface directly opposite the first elastically deformed surface that forms a second convex shape, wherein the second elastically deformed surface has a surface compressive stress that is less than a compressive stress at the first elastically deformed surface, and a second portion adjacent the first portion, wherein the second portion is substantially planar portion or curved.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation which claims the benefit of priorityunder 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/723,807,filed on Apr. 19, 2022, which in turn, is a continuation which claimsthe benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 16/631,558, filed on Jan. 16, 2020, which in turn, claims thebenefit of priority under 35 USC § 371 of International PatentApplication Serial No.: PCT/US2017/42606, filed on Jul. 18, 2017, thecontents of which are relied upon and incorporated herein by referencein their entirety.

FIELD

Principles and embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally tocomplexly curved glass articles, methods of cold forming complexlycurved glass articles, and vehicle systems that include a complexlycurved glass article.

BACKGROUND

Vehicle manufactures are creating interiors that better connect, protectand safely inform today's drivers and passengers. As the industry movestowards autonomous driving, there is a need for creating large formatappealing displays. There is already a trend towards larger displaysincluding touch functionality in the new models from several OEMs.However, most of these displays consist of two dimensional plastic coverlens.

Due to these emerging trends in the automotive interior industry andrelated industries, there is a need to develop a low cost technology tomake three-dimensional transparent surfaces. Of further interest is thedevelopment of automotive interior parts that includes bends indifferent directions, while maintaining complete independence betweenthe bends.

One of the approaches that could be utilized to make three-dimensionalautomotive interior display surfaces is by utilizing plastics. Plasticmaterials could be shaped in a three-dimensional mold includingmulti-axis bends; however, glass is advantaged compared to plastics inseveral respects. In particular, plastics materials are prone topermanent damage during blunt impact, general wear, and UV exposure.

Three-dimensional glass surfaces are conventionally formed via hotforming process. The process also is capable for formingthree-dimensional automotive interior displays that are curved in morethan one direction. Such glass bending methods involve heating the glasssheet and forming the sheet while it is still in a high temperaturestate at or near the softening temperature of the glass.

However, hot forming processes are energy intensive due to the hightemperatures involved and such processes add significant cost to theproduct. Furthermore, there is a need to provide anti-reflectivecoatings or other coatings on automotive interior display surfaces.Providing such coatings uniformly on a three-dimensional surfaceutilizing vapor deposition techniques is very challenging and furtheradds to the cost of the process.

Cold forming processes, which may also be referred to as cold bendinghas been utilized to address some of the aforementioned issues. However,cold bending has been limited to bends or curvatures along one axisonly. The anticlastic glass configuration that involves having oppositecurvatures at one point is severely limited to large bend radius (1 m orhigher) and mostly finds use for architectural or building applications.Cold bending procedure induces a permanent strain, and consequently apermanent stress, in the glass pane.

Therefore, there is a need for new complexly curved glass articles andmethods of making the same that can be used in automotive interiors andother applications.

SUMMARY

A solution to at least one of the above issues involves glass articleshaving complexly curved shapes formed by cold forming. One aspect of thedisclosure pertains to a complexly curved glass article that has beenformed by a cold forming process. A second aspect of the disclosurepertains to a method for forming a complexly curved glass article usinga cold forming process. According to one or more embodiments, the coldforming process is a cold bending process utilizing a preform with afirst bend region having a set of first bend line segments, and a secondbend region having a set of second bend line segments, wherein the firstbend line segments and the second bend line segments are independent,are not parallel, and do not intersect. In various embodiments, theglass article is a laminate comprising at least two substrates, and thecold forming process is performed at a temperature below the glasstransition temperature of either of the substrates that are used to formthe laminate. Accordingly, the methods described herein do not requireheating to at or near the glass transition temperature of the glass,thus reducing manufacturing time and cost by avoiding heating operationsfor the glass substrate.

Another aspect of the disclosure pertains to a vehicle interiorcomponent comprising the complexly curved glass article. Yet anotheraspect of the disclosure pertains to a vehicle comprising the vehicleinterior component.

Various embodiments are listed below. It will be understood that theembodiments listed below may be combined not only as listed below, butin other suitable combinations in accordance with the scope of thedisclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further features of embodiment of the present disclosure, their natureand various advantages will become more apparent upon consideration ofthe following detailed description, taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, which are also illustrative of the best modecontemplated by the applicants, and in which like reference charactersrefer to like parts throughout, where:

FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a preform and a glass article havingmultiple bend regions;

FIG. 1B is another perspective view of the preform and glass articlehaving multiple bend regions shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1C is a front view of the preform and glass article having multiplebend regions shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1D is a top view of the preform and glass article having multiplebend regions shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1E is a side view of the preform and glass article having multiplebend regions shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1F is a rear perspective view of the preform and glass articlehaving multiple bend regions shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1G is a rear view of the preform and glass article having multiplebend regions shown in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of apreform and glass article having multiple bend regions;

FIG. 2B is a front view of the preform and glass article having multiplebend regions shown in FIG. 2A;

FIG. 2C is a side view of the preform and glass article having multiplebend regions shown in FIG. 2A;

FIG. 2D is a top perspective view of the preform and glass articlehaving multiple bend regions shown in FIG. 2A;

FIGS. 3A-F illustrate various exemplary embodiments of glass sheetsbefore bending along different bend axes to provide multiple bendregions.

FIG. 4A illustrates a perspective view of a one or more embodiments of avehicle interior system;

FIG. 4B illustrates a top view of the vehicle interior system of FIG.4A; and

FIG. 4C illustrates a side view of the vehicle interior system of FIG.4A.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Before describing several exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, it isto be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the details ofconstruction or process steps set forth in the following description.The descriptions in the disclosure are capable of other embodiments andof being practiced or being carried out in various ways.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” “certainembodiments,” “various embodiments,” “one or more embodiments” or “anembodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, material, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment of the disclosure. Thus, the appearances ofthe phrases such as “in one or more embodiments,” “in certainembodiments,” “in various embodiments,” “in one embodiment” or “in anembodiment” in various places throughout this specification are notnecessarily referring to the same embodiment of the disclosure.Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, orcharacteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or moreembodiments.

It has been found that cold forming processes such as cold bending canbe used to prepare complexly curved glass articles by use of a preformconfiguration in which one bend in a first direction is independent of asecond bend in a second direction. Each of the cold bends can be eithersingle curvature or double curvature. In one or more embodiments, thecold bend is a single curvature bend and does not have any crosscurvature.

As used herein, “cold forming” refers to a process in which glass isshaped to have a curved or three-dimensional shape at a temperaturebelow the glass transition temperature of the glass. Thus, according toone or more embodiments, in a cold forming process, the temperature isat least 200° C. below the glass transition temperature of the glass. Inthis disclosure, a glass article refers to a glass sheet that has beenshaped to have multiple bend regions, as will be described herein. Inone or more embodiments, a glass article includes a glass sheet that issubjected to cold forming or that is cold-formed. A cold formed glasssheet includes a first major surface comprising a first compressivestress and an opposing second major surface comprising a secondcompressive stress, wherein the first major surface is greater than thesecond compressive stress.

As used herein, “single curvature” bending is bending in at least apartial cylindrical-type shape that has a single radius of curvature.The axis running through the center of the cylindrical-type bend andperpendicular to the radius of curvature is designated herein as the“bend axis.” Line segments that are located on the surface of the bendregion of the article and that run parallel to the bend axis aredesignated herein as “bend line segments.” As bend line segments areparallel to the associated bend axis, bend regions that have parallel ornon-parallel bend axes will have parallel or non-parallel bend linesegments, respectively.

As used herein, “double curvature” or “cross curvature” bending resultsfrom two interacting single curvatures that have overlapping bend axes,with each single curvature having its own bend axis and radius ofcurvature. Such configurations include synclastic and anticlasticconfigurations. In a synclastic configuration, all normal sections ofthe bend region are concave shaped or convex shaped, such as for ashell- or dome-shaped configuration. In an anticlastic configuration,some normal sections of the bend region will have a convex shape whereasothers will have a concave shape, such as for a saddle-shapedconfiguration. The bend line segments for an article having doublecurvature will be curved due to the interaction of the two curvatures.Accordingly, the bend line segments for the two interacting curvaturesin a double curvature are dependent and not independent.

As used herein, a “bend region” refers to a portion of an article thatis curved in one or more directions. The bend region has non-zerocurvature throughout the entire region. Bend regions can have singlecurvature or double curvature. In one or more embodiments, the bendregion has single curvature and does not have any cross curvature. Abend region may be adjacent to another bend region or may be adjacent toa flat region.

As used herein, a “flat region” refers to a portion of an article thathas substantially zero or zero curvature. As used herein, “substantiallyzero curvature” means a radius of curvature greater than about 1 m. Aflat region can be located between two or more bend regions. In one ormore embodiments, the minimum distance between two non-adjacent bendregions is at least 10 millimeters, and thus the flat region spans adistance of at least 10 millimeters. Exemplary flat regions can spandistances including the following values or ranges defined therefrom:10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100,110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600,650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900 or 950 millimeters, or 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3,1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 meters.

FIGS. 1A-G illustrate various views of an exemplary embodiment of apreform 200 and a glass article 100 having multiple bend regions. Glassarticle 100 includes first portion 105 and second portion 110. Firstportion 105 has a flat region 115, bend region 120, bend region 125, andflat region 130. Second portion 110 has a flat region 135, bend region140 and flat region 145. Bend regions 120 and 125 have parallel bendaxes (not shown), but these bend axes are not parallel to the bend axisof bend region 140. Similarly, the bend line segments (not shown) ofbend regions 120 and 125 are parallel to each other, but the bend linesegments of bend regions 120 and 125 are not parallel to the bend linesegments of bend region 140. The bend line segments of bend regions 120and 125 also are independent of and do not intersect with the bend linesegments of bend region 140. Bend regions 120 and 125 form an “S” shapedue to the curvature of these two regions being in opposite directions.Preform 200 also has bend regions and flat regions corresponding to thebend regions and flat regions of glass article 100. Clips (not shown)can be used to ensure that the glass article 100 bends to adopt theshape of the preform 200. Alternatively, a complementary preform (notshown) can be placed on top of the glass article 100 on the preform 200to ensure that the glass article bends to adopt the shape of thepreforms. Other techniques for cold forming of the glass article arediscussed below.

FIGS. 2A-D illustrate various views of another exemplary embodiment of apreform 400 and glass article 300 having multiple bend regions. Glassarticle 300 includes first portion 305, second portion 310 and thirdportion 370. First portion 305 has a flat region 315, bend region 320,bend region 325, and flat region 330. Second portion 310 has a bendregion 335, flat region 340, bend region 345, flat region 350, bendregion 355 and flat region 360. Third portion 370 has a flat region 375,bend region 380, bend region 385, and flat region 390. Bend regions 320,325, 380 and 385 have parallel bend axes (not shown) and bend regions335, 345 and 355 have parallel bend axes, but the bend axes of bendregions 320, 325, 380 and 385 are not parallel to the bend axes of bendregions 335, 345 and 355. Similarly, the bend line segments (not shown)of bend regions 320, 325, 380 and 385 are parallel and the bend linesegments of bend regions 335, 345 and 355 are parallel, but the bendline segments of bend regions 320, 325, 380 and 385 are not parallel tothe bend line segments of bend regions 335, 345 and 355. The bend linesegments of bend regions 320, 325, 380 and 385 also are independent ofand do not intersect with the bend line segments of bend regions 335,345 and 355. Bend regions 320 and 325 form an “S” shape in the firstportion 305 due to the curvature of these two regions being in oppositedirections. Similarly, bend regions 380 and 385 also form an “S” shapein the third portion 370. The second portion 310 also has an “S” shapebecause the curvature of bend region 355 is in an opposite directionfrom the curvature of bend regions 335 and 345, even though the bendregions are separated by flat regions 340 and 350. Preform 400 also hasbend regions and flat regions corresponding to the bend regions and flatregions of glass article 300. Techniques for bending the glass article300 to adopt the shape of preform 400 are discussed in further detailbelow.

FIGS. 3A-F illustrate various exemplary embodiments of glass sheetsbefore bending along different bend axes to provide multiple bendregions. In each of FIGS. 3A-F, dashed lines indicate bend axes and thearrows represent the direction of bend. As can be seen from FIG. 3A, theglass sheet can be bent around two non-parallel bend axes of a substratehaving two portions providing an L-shaped sheet. As can be seen fromFIG. 3B, the glass sheet can be bent around two parallel bend axes on afirst portion and a third bend axis that is not parallel to the firsttwo axes in a second portion of the substrate, the two portionsproviding a T-shaped substrate. As can be seen from FIG. 3C, the glasssheet can be bent around two parallel bend axes in one portion, andanother bend axis in a second portion, and two parallel bend axes in athird portion, the first, second and third portions providing asubstantially I-shaped substrate. In FIG. 3C, the bend axis in thesecond portion is not parallel to the bend axes in either the firstportion or the second portion. As can be seen from FIG. 3D, the glasssheet can be bent around two parallel bend axes and a third bend axisthat is not parallel to the first two axes on first and second portionof the substrate providing an asymmetrical T-shape. Also, FIG. 3D showsthat the glass sheet does not have to be symmetric prior to bending. Ascan be seen from FIG. 3E, the glass sheet can be bent around twoparallel bend axes in a first portion of the substrate and a third bendaxis that is not parallel to the first two axes in a second portion ofthe substrate, the first and second portions providing a T-shapedsubstrate. As can be seen from FIG. 3F, the glass sheet can be bentaround three non-parallel bend axes. It will be understood that theconfigurations shown in FIGS. 3A-3F are exemplary only and non-limiting,and the scope of the disclosure includes any substrate having twoportions with multiple bend regions.

Accordingly, one aspect of the disclosure pertains to a glass articlecomprising a cold-formed, complexly-curved continuous glass sheet havinga first bend in a first portion of the sheet defining a first bendregion and having a set of first bend line segments, and a second bendin a second portion of the sheet defining a second bend region andhaving a set of second bend line segments, wherein the first bend linesegments and the second bend line segments are independent, are notparallel, and do not intersect.

In one or more embodiments, the glass sheet may have a thickness of 7millimeters or less, such as in the range of 25 micrometers and 5millimeters. Exemplary thicknesses of the glass sheet include thefollowing values or ranges defined therefrom: 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50,55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 200,250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900 or950 micrometers, or 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2,2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 millimeters.

In one or more embodiments, the radius of curvature for one or more ofthe bends is greater than 20 millimeters, such as in the range ofgreater than 25 millimeters and less than 5 meters. Exemplary bend radiiinclude the following values or ranges defined therefrom: 25, 30, 35,40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140,150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800,850, 900 or 950 millimeters, or 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7,1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 meters. Each bend can have thesame or different radius of curvature as another bend.

In one or more embodiments, the glass article has a first bend stressmagnitude at the first bend region, a second bend stress magnitude atthe second bend region, and a flat region stress magnitude, and the flatregion stress magnitude differs from the first bend stress magnitude andthe second bend stress magnitude by at least 1 MPa. Exemplarydifferentials for the stress magnitude between bend regions and flatregions include the following values or ranges defined therefrom: 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70,80, 90 or 100 MPa. The difference in stress magnitudes between bendregions and flat regions can be the same or different for each bend.

In one or more embodiments, the glass article may include a glass sheetthat is strengthened (prior to being shaped into the embodiments of theglass article described herein). For example, the glass sheet may beheat strengthened, tempered glass, chemically strengthened orstrengthened by a combination thereof. In one or more embodiments,strengthened glass sheets have a compressive stress (CS) layer extendingfrom a surface thereof to a compressive stress depth of layer (DOL). Asused herein, “thermally strengthened” refers to articles that are heattreated to improve the strength of the article, and “thermallystrengthened” includes tempered articles and heat-strengthened articles,for example tempered glass and heat-strengthened glass. Tempered glassinvolves an accelerated cooling process, which creates higher surfacecompression and/or edge compression in the glass. Factors that impactthe degree of surface compression include the air-quench temperature,volume, and other variables that create a surface compression of atleast 10,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Heat-strengthened glass isproduced by a slower cooling than tempered glass, which results in alower compression strength at the surface and heat-strengthened glass isapproximately twice as strong as annealed, or untreated, glass.

In chemically strengthened glass sheets, the replacement of smaller ionsby larger ions at a temperature below that at which the glass networkcan relax produces a distribution of ions across the surface of theglass that results in a stress profile. The larger volume of theincoming ion produces a CS extending from a surface and tension (centraltension, or CT) in the center of the glass. T

In strengthened glass sheets, the depth of the compressive stress isrelated to the central tension by the following approximate relationship(Equation 1)

${CT} \cong \frac{CS \times DOL}{{thickness} - {2 \times DOL}}$

where thickness is the total thickness of the strengthened glass sheetand compressive depth of layer (DOL) is the depth of the compressivestress. Unless otherwise specified, central tension CT and compressivestress CS are expressed herein in megaPascals (MPa), whereas thicknessand depth of layer DOL are expressed in millimeters or microns.

In one or more embodiments, a strengthened glass sheet can have asurface CS of 300 MPa or greater, e.g., 400 MPa or greater, 450 MPa orgreater, 500 MPa or greater, 550 MPa or greater, 600 MPa or greater, 650MPa or greater, 700 MPa or greater, 750 MPa or greater or 800 MPa orgreater. The strengthened glass sheet may have a compressive depth oflayer 15 micrometers or greater, 20 micrometers or greater (e.g., 25,30, 35, 40, 45, 50 micrometers or greater) and/or a central tension of10 MPa or greater, 20 MPa or greater, 30 MPa or greater, 40 MPa orgreater (e.g., 42 MPa, 45 MPa, or 50 MPa or greater) but less than 100MPa (e.g., 95, 90, 85, 80, 75, 70, 65, 60, 55 MPa or less). In one ormore specific embodiments, the strengthened glass sheet has one or moreof the following: a surface compressive stress greater than 500 MPa, adepth of compressive layer greater than 15 micrometers, and a centraltension greater than 18 MPa.

The strengthened glass sheets described herein may be chemicallystrengthened by an ion exchange process. In the ion-exchange process,typically by immersion of a glass sheet into a molten salt bath for apredetermined period of time, ions at or near the surface(s) of theglass sheet are exchanged for larger metal ions from the salt bath. Inone embodiment, the temperature of the molten salt bath is from about375° C. to about 450° C. and the predetermined time period is in therange from about four to about eight hours. In one example, sodium ionsin a glass sheet are replaced by potassium ions from the molten bath,such as a potassium nitrate salt bath, though other alkali metal ionshaving larger atomic radii, such as rubidium or cesium, can replacesmaller alkali metal ions in the glass. In another example, lithium ionsin a glass sheet are replaced by potassium and/or sodium ions from themolten bath that may include potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate or acombination thereof, although other alkali metal ions having largeratomic radii, such as rubidium or cesium, can replace smaller alkalimetal ions in the glass. According to particular embodiments, smalleralkali metal ions in the glass sheet can be replaced by Ag+ ions.Similarly, other alkali metal salts such as, but not limited to,sulfates, phosphates, halides, and the like may be used in the ionexchange process.

In chemically strengthened substrates, CS and DOL are determined bysurface stress meter (FSM) using commercially available instruments suchas the FSM-6000, manufactured by Luceo Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), or thelike, and methods of measuring CS and depth of layer are described inASTM 1422C-99, entitled “Standard Specification for ChemicallyStrengthened Flat Glass,” and ASTM 1279 (1979) “Standard Test Method forNon-Destructive Photoelastic Measurement of Edge and Surface Stresses inAnnealed, Heat-Strengthened, and Fully-Tempered Flat Glass,” thecontents of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety. Surface stress measurements rely upon the accurate measurementof the stress optical coefficient (SOC), which is related to thebirefringence of the glass. SOC in turn is measured by those methodsthat are known in the art, such as fiber and four point bend methods,both of which are described in ASTM standard C770-98 (2008), entitled“Standard Test Method for Measurement of Glass Stress-OpticalCoefficient,” the contents of which are incorporated herein by referencein their entirety, and a bulk cylinder method.

The materials for the glass articles may be varied. The glass sheetsused to form the glass articles can be amorphous articles or crystallinearticles. Amorphous glass sheets according to one or more embodimentscan be selected from soda lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass,alkali containing borosilicate glass and alkali aluminoborosilicateglass. Examples of crystalline glass sheets can include glass-ceramics,sapphire or spinel. Examples of glass-ceramics include Li₂O—Al₂O₃—SiO₂system (i.e. LAS-System) glass ceramics, MgO—Al₂O₃—SiO₂ System (i.e.MAS-System) glass ceramics, glass ceramics including crystalline phasesof any one or more of mullite, spinel, α-quartz, β-quartz solidsolution, petalite, lithium dissilicate, β-spodumene, nepheline, andalumina.

Glass sheets may be provided using a variety of different processes. Forexample, exemplary glass sheet forming methods include float glassprocesses and down-draw processes such as fusion draw and slot draw. Aglass sheet prepared by a float glass process may be characterized bysmooth surfaces and uniform thickness is made by floating molten glasson a bed of molten metal, typically tin. In an example process, moltenglass that is fed onto the surface of the molten tin bed forms afloating glass ribbon. As the glass ribbon flows along the tin bath, thetemperature is gradually decreased until the glass ribbon solidifiesinto a solid glass sheet that can be lifted from the tin onto rollers.Once off the bath, the glass sheet can be cooled further and annealed toreduce internal stress.

Down-draw processes produce glass sheet having a uniform thickness thatpossess relatively pristine surfaces. Because the average flexuralstrength of the glass sheet is controlled by the amount and size ofsurface flaws, a pristine surface that has had minimal contact has ahigher initial strength. When this high strength glass sheet is thenfurther strengthened (e.g., chemically), the resultant strength can behigher than that of a glass sheet with a surface that has been lappedand polished. Down-drawn glass sheet may be drawn to a thickness of lessthan about 2 millimeters. In addition, down drawn glass sheet have avery flat, smooth surface that can be used in its final applicationwithout costly grinding and polishing.

The fusion draw process, for example, uses a drawing tank that has achannel for accepting molten glass raw material. The channel has weirsthat are open at the top along the length of the channel on both sidesof the channel. When the channel fills with molten material, the moltenglass overflows the weirs. Due to gravity, the molten glass flows downthe outside surfaces of the drawing tank as two flowing glass films.These outside surfaces of the drawing tank extend down and inwardly sothat they join at an edge below the drawing tank. The two flowing glassfilms join at this edge to fuse and form a single flowing glass sheet.The fusion draw method offers the advantage that, because the two glassfilms flowing over the channel fuse together, neither of the outsidesurfaces of the resulting glass sheet comes in contact with any part ofthe apparatus. Thus, the surface properties of the fusion drawn glasssheet are not affected by such contact.

The slot draw process is distinct from the fusion draw method. In slowdraw processes, the molten raw material glass is provided to a drawingtank. The bottom of the drawing tank has an open slot with a nozzle thatextends the length of the slot. The molten glass flows through theslot/nozzle and is drawn downward as a continuous sheet and into anannealing region.

Exemplary compositions for use in the glass sheets will now bedescribed. One example glass composition comprises SiO₂, B₂O₃ and Na₂O,where (SiO₂+B₂O₃)≥66 mol. %, and Na₂O≥9 mol. %. Suitable glasscompositions, in some embodiments, further comprise at least one of K₂O,MgO, and CaO. In a particular embodiment, the glass compositions cancomprise 61-75 mol. % SiO₂; 7-15 mol. % Al₂O₃; 0-12 mol. % B₂O₃; 9-21mol. % Na₂O; 0-4 mol. % K₂O; 0-7 mol. % MgO; and 0-3 mol. % CaO.

A further example glass composition comprises: 60-70 mol. % SiO₂; 6-14mol. % Al₂O₃; 0-15 mol. % B₂O₃; 0-15 mol. % Li₂O; 0-20 mol. % Na₂O; 0-10mol. % K₂O; 0-8 mol. % MgO; 0-10 mol. % CaO; 0-5 mol. % ZrO₂; 0-1 mol. %SnO₂; 0-1 mol. % CeO₂; less than 50 ppm As₂O₃; and less than 50 ppmSb₂O₃; where 12 mol. %≤(Li₂O+Na₂O+K₂O)≤20 mol. % and 0 mol.%≤(MgO+CaO)≤10 mol. %.

A still further example glass composition comprises: 63.5-66.5 mol. %SiO₂; 8-12 mol. % Al₂O₃; 0-3 mol. % B₂O₃; 0-5 mol. % Li₂O; 8-18 mol. %Na₂O; 0-5 mol. % K₂O; 1-7 mol. % MgO; 0-2.5 mol. % CaO; 0-3 mol. % ZrO₂;0.05-0.25 mol. % SnO₂; mol. % CeO₂; less than 50 ppm As₂O₃; and lessthan 50 ppm Sb₂O₃; where 14 mol. %≤(Li₂O+Na₂O+K₂O)≤18 mol. % and 2 mol.%≤(MgO+CaO)≤7 mol. %.

In a particular embodiment, an alkali aluminosilicate glass compositioncomprises alumina, at least one alkali metal and, in some embodiments,greater than 50 mol. % SiO₂, in other embodiments at least 58 mol. %SiO₂, and in still other embodiments at least 60 mol. % SiO₂, whereinthe ratio ((Al₂O₃+B₂O₃)/Σ modifiers)>1, where in the ratio thecomponents are expressed in mol. % and the modifiers are alkali metaloxides. This glass composition, in particular embodiments, comprises:58-72 mol. % SiO₂; 9-17 mol. % Al₂O₃; 2-12 mol. % B₂O₃; 8-16 mol. %Na₂O; and 0-4 mol. % K₂O, wherein the ratio ((Al₂O₃+B₂₀₃)/Σmodifiers)>1.

In still another embodiment, the glass article may include an alkalialuminosilicate glass composition comprising: 64-68 mol. % SiO₂; 12-16mol. % Na₂O; 8-12 mol. % Al₂O₃; 0-3 mol. % B₂O₃; 2-5 mol. % K₂O; 4-6mol. % MgO; and 0-5 mol. % CaO, wherein: 66 mol. %≤SiO₂+B₂O₃+CaO≤69 mol.%; Na₂O+K₂O+B₂O₃+MgO+CaO+SrO>10 mol. %; 5 mol. %≤MgO+CaO+SrO≤8 mol. %;(Na₂O+B₂O₃)−Al₂O₃≤2 mol. %; 2 mol. %≤Na₂O−Al₂O₃≤6 mol. %; and 4 mol.%≤(Na₂O+K₂O)−Al₂O₃≤10 mol. %.

In an alternative embodiment, the glass sheet may comprise an alkalialuminosilicate glass composition comprising: 2 mol % or more of Al₂O₃and/or ZrO₂, or 4 mol % or more of Al₂O₃ and/or ZrO₂.

In some embodiments, the compositions used for a glass article may bebatched with 0-2 mol. % of at least one fining agent selected from agroup that includes Na₂SO₄, NaCl, NaF, NaBr, K₂SO₄, KCl, KF, KBr, andSnO₂.

The glass articles may be a single glass sheet or a laminate. Accordingto one or more embodiments of the disclosure, a laminate refers toopposing glass substrates separated by an interlayer, for example,poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB). A glass sheet forming part of a laminate canbe strengthened (chemically, thermally, and/or mechanically) asdescribed above. Thus, laminates according to one or more embodimentscomprise at least two glass sheets bonded together by an interlayer inwhich a first glass sheet defines an outer ply and a second glass sheetdefines an inner ply. In vehicle applications such as automotiveglazings, the inner ply is exposed to a vehicle or automobile interiorand the outer ply faces an outside environment of the automobile. Invehicle applications such as automotive interiors, the inner ply isunexposed and placed on an underlying support (e.g., a display,dashboard, center console, instrument panel, seat back, seat front,floor board, door panel, pillar, arm rest etc.), and the outer ply isexposed to the vehicle or automobile interior. In architecturalapplications, the inner ply is exposed to a building, room, or furnitureinterior and the outer ply faces an outside environment of the building,room or furniture. In one or more embodiments, the glass sheets in alaminate are bonded together by an interlayer such as a polymerinterlayer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral(PVB), ethylenevinylacetate (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ionomers,and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

Another aspect of the disclosure pertains to methods of cold forming thecomplexly curved glass articles described herein. In variousembodiments, the cold forming involves bending a continuous glass sheetabout a preform with a first bend region having a set of first bend linesegments, and a second bend region having a set of second bend linesegments, wherein the first bend line segments and the second bend linesegments are independent, are not parallel, and do not intersect.

Non-limiting exemplary techniques for cold forming the complexly curvedglass article include:

-   -   Placing the glass sheet in between two complementary preforms,        with an adhesive between the glass sheet and one of the two        preforms. For example, either of the preforms shown in FIGS.        1A-1G and 2A-2D could include a complementary preform, and a        glass sheet can be cold formed between the preforms by applying        force to move the two preforms toward each other. This force can        be provided using mechanical force such as a worm gear,        hydraulic force, pneumatic force or other suitable ways of        providing appropriate force so that the glass sheet takes the        form of the mold. The sandwich structure is pressed together to        have the glass sheet take the shape of mold formed by the two        preforms.    -   Attaching a thin frame made out of metal (such as aluminum,        steel, etc.) on the periphery of the glass sheet. Bending or        twisting equipment is used to provide shape to the frame, which        in turn bends the glass. The shaped glass and its metal frame        can be used as a single article in the same way as a glass        article as described herein.    -   Sliding the glass sheet into a frame with grooves so that the        glass will slide in to take the desired shape.    -   Using rollers, guide pins, or vacuum to conform the glass sheet        to the shape of the preform.    -   Snapping the glass sheet into clips located on the preform.

In one or more embodiments, the cold forming is performed at atemperature below the glass transition temperature. Exemplarytemperatures include room temperature (e.g. about 21° C.) or slightlyelevated temperatures such as temperatures less than 200° C. In one ormore embodiments, the temperature during cold forming is less than orequal to any of the following temperatures: 300, 250, 200, 150, 140,130, 120, 110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25 or20° C. In one or more embodiments, the cold forming is performed at acertain temperature relative to the glass transition temperature of theglass, such as at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 150,200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 or 1,000° C. belowthe glass transition temperature.

In one or more embodiments, at least one bend is formed according to acold forming process, and at least one bend is formed according toanother process such as a hot form process. In alternate embodiments,all bends are formed according to cold forming processes.

In one or more embodiments, two or more bends are both formed accordingto cold forming processes, but the bends are introduced in sequentialcold forming processes rather than simultaneously forming both bends. Inother embodiments, all bends are formed simultaneously during the samecold forming process.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, a vehicle interiorcomponent includes a complexly curved glass article as described herein.Exemplary vehicles include: motor vehicles such as motorcycles,automobiles, trucks, buses; railed vehicles such as trains and trams;watercraft such as ships and boats; aircraft such as airplanes andhelicopters; and spacecraft. In one or more embodiments, the vehicle isan automobile. The vehicle interior component can also comprise theglass article on a support surface. Exemplary vehicle interiorcomponents include a display, a center console, a dashboard, a doorpanel, a pillar, a floor board, an arm rest and an instrument clustercover. The support surface can include, but is not limited to, fabric,leather, polymer, wood, metal and combinations thereof. The glassarticle can have one or more coatings such as an anti-glare coating, ananti-reflective coating, an oleophobic coating, an anti-scratch coatingor an ink coating. The glass article can have different coatings onopposite surfaces, such as an ink coating on a first surface and ananti-reflective coating on a second surface.

According to one or more embodiments of the disclosure, a glassinstrument cluster cover comprises a complexly curved glass article asdescribed herein. According to one or more embodiments, a vehicle'sinstrument cluster houses various displays and indicators that enable anoperator to operate the vehicle. Among these are several gauges,non-limiting examples including a speedometer, odometer, tachometer, oilpressure gauge, fuel gauge, etc. In addition, the vehicle's instrumentcluster may include indicators for system malfunctions and warnings.Instrument clusters provide vehicle operators with a centralized andeasily viewable location for displaying all critical system information.As used herein, “instrument cluster cover” includes a cover that coversthe dashboard instrument cluster and/or the center console, which mayinclude other components such as a radio, GPS, heater controls, etc.

Another aspect of the present disclosure pertains to a vehiclecomprising a cabin and an interior, the interior comprising a vehicleinterior component including a complexly curved glass article asdescribed herein.

Referring to FIGS. 4A-4C, another aspect of this disclosure pertains toa vehicle interior system comprising a base 500 having a base surface502 (as shown in FIG. 4C), and a glass article 400 coupled to the basesurface 502, wherein the glass article is at least partially elasticallydeformed. The term “elastically deformed” means the glass article iscurved at a temperature less than the softening point of the glassarticle or below the strain point of the glass article. In one or moreembodiments, exemplary temperatures for curving include room temperature(e.g. about 21° C.) or slightly elevated temperatures such astemperatures less than 200° C. In one or more embodiments, thetemperature during curving is less than or equal to any of the followingtemperatures: 300° C., 250° C., 200° C., 150° C., 140° C., 130° C., 120°C., 110° C., 100° C., 90° C., 80° C., 70° C., 60° C., 50° C., 55° C.,50° C., 45° C., 40° C., 35° C., 30° C., 25° C. or 20° C. In one or moreembodiments, temperature at which the glass article is curved isperformed at a certain temperature relative the softening point or thestrain point of glass article. For example, the glass article is curvedat a temperature that is at least 10° C., 20° C., 30° C., 40° C., 50°C., 60° C., 70° C., 80° C., 90° C., 100° C., 150° C., 200° C., 250° C.,300° C., 350° C., 400° C., 450° C., or 500° C. less than the softeningpoint or the strain point of the glass article. In one or moreembodiments, the glass article 400 includes a glass sheet, as describedherein according to one or more embodiments. According to one or moreembodiments, the glass article 400 comprises a first portion 405comprising a first elastically deformed surface 415 forming a firstconcave shape 420 with a first radius of curvature and a secondelastically deformed surface 417 forming a second convex surface 422that is directly opposite the first elastically deformed surface,wherein the second elastically deformed surface has a surfacecompressive stress that is less than a compressive stress at the firstelastically deformed surface 415. As used herein, unless otherwisespecified, the radius of curvature is an absolute value. In one or moreembodiments, the difference between the magnitude of the surfacecompressive stress at the first elastically deformed surface 415 and themagnitude of the surface compressive stress at the second elasticallydeformed surface 417 differs by at least 1 MPa. Exemplary differentialsfor the stress magnitude between the first elastically deformed surface415 and the second elastically deformed surface 417 is about 5 MPa orgreater, about 10 MPa or greater, about 25 MPa or greater, about 50 MPaor greater, about 100 MPa or greater, about 150 MPa or greater, about200 MPa or greater, about 250 MPa or greater, about 300 MPa or greater,or about 350 MPa or greater. In one or more embodiments, the secondelastically deformed surface 417 has a surface compressive stress thatis greater than about 20 MPa (e.g., about 50 MPa or greater, about 100MPa or greater, about 150 MPa or greater, about 200 MPa or greater,about 250 MPa or greater, about 300 MPa or greater, about 350 MPa orgreater, about 400 MPa or greater, about 450 MPa or greater, or about500 MPa or greater). In one or more embodiments, the glass articleincludes a second portion 410, as shown in FIG. 4A. In one or moreembodiments, the second portion 410 is directly adjacent or in contactwith the first portion. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A, anotherportion (e.g., 430) separates the first portion 405 and the secondportion 410. In one or more embodiments, the second portion 410 can bedescribed as adjacent the first concave surface and first convexsurface.

In one or more embodiments, the second portion is substantially planarportion (or substantially flat portion) (e.g., 430 in FIGS. 4A-4C). Inone or more embodiments, the substantially planar portion has a radiusof curvature that is greater than about 1000 mm (e.g., about 1500 mm orgreater, about 1750 mm or greater, about 2000 mm or greater, about 2250mm or greater, or about 2500 mm or greater).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A, the second portion is curved. In oneor more embodiments, the second portion may include a third elasticallydeformed surface 435 forming a third concave shape 440 with a thirdradius of curvature and a fourth elastically deformed surface 442 thatis directly opposite the third elastically deformed surface that forms afourth convex shape 444. In one or more embodiments (as shown in FIGS.4A and 4B), the first radius of curvature and the third radius ofcurvature differ (e.g., the difference between the first radius ofcurvature and the third radius of curvature differ by about 10 mm orgreater (e.g., about 20 mm or greater, about 30 mm or greater, about 50mm or greater, about 100 mm or greater, about 250 mm or greater, orabout 500 mm or greater). In one or more embodiments, the thirdelastically deformed surface (e.g., 425) opposes the first elasticallydeformed surface 415. In such embodiments, the third elasticallydeformed surface 425 is indirectly opposite the first elasticallydeformed surface 415 and forms an opposing curve with respect to thefirst concave shape 420. The fourth elastically deformed surface 427 isdirectly opposite the third elastically deformed surface.

In one or more embodiments, the third elastically deformed surface (425,435) has a surface compressive stress that is greater than the surfacecompressive stress on the fourth elastically deformed surface (427,442). For example, the difference between the magnitude of the surfacecompressive stress at the third elastically deformed surface and themagnitude of the surface compressive stress at the fourth elasticallydeformed surface differs by at least 1 MPa. Exemplary differentials forthe stress magnitude between the third elastically deformed surface andthe fourth elastically deformed surface is about 5 MPa or greater, about10 MPa or greater, about 25 MPa or greater, about 50 MPa or greater,about 100 MPa or greater, about 150 MPa or greater, about 200 MPa orgreater, about 250 MPa or greater, about 300 MPa or greater, or about350 MPa or greater. In one or more embodiments, the third elasticallydeformed surface has a surface compressive stress that is greater thanabout 20 MPa (e.g., about 50 MPa or greater, about 100 MPa or greater,about 150 MPa or greater, about 200 MPa or greater, about 250 MPa orgreater, about 300 MPa or greater, about 350 MPa or greater, about 400MPa or greater, about 450 MPa or greater, or about 500 MPa or greater).

In one or more embodiments, the difference in stress magnitudes betweenthe first and second elastically deformed surfaces and the difference instress magnitudes between the third and fourth elastically deformedsurfaces may be the same as one another or different from one another.

In one or more embodiments, the first radius of curvature is in a rangefrom about 20 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 50 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 100 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 150 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 200 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 300 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 400 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 500 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 600 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 700 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 800 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 900 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 1000 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 1500 mm to about 2000mm, from about 20 mm to about 1900 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1800mm, from about 20 mm to about 1600 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1500mm, from about 20 mm to about 1400 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1300mm, from about 20 mm to about 1200 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1100mm, from about 20 mm to about 1000 mm, from about 20 mm to about 900 mm,from about 20 mm to about 800 mm, from about 20 mm to about 700 mm, fromabout 20 mm to about 600 mm, from about 20 mm to about 500 mm, fromabout 750 mm to about 1750 mm, from about 1000 mm to about 1500 mm, fromabout 1250 mm to about 1750 mm, or from about 1400 mm to about 1600 mm.

In one or more embodiments, the third radius of curvature is in a rangefrom about 20 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 50 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 100 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 150 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 200 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 300 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 400 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 500 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 600 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 700 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 800 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 900 mm to about 2000 mm,from about 1000 mm to about 2000 mm, from about 1500 mm to about 2000mm, from about 20 mm to about 1900 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1800mm, from about 20 mm to about 1600 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1500mm, from about 20 mm to about 1400 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1300mm, from about 20 mm to about 1200 mm, from about 20 mm to about 1100mm, from about 20 mm to about 1000 mm, from about 20 mm to about 900 mm,from about 20 mm to about 800 mm, from about 20 mm to about 700 mm, fromabout 20 mm to about 600 mm, from about 20 mm to about 500 mm, fromabout 100 mm to about 750 mm, from about 150 mm to about 300 mm, or fromabout 100 mm to about 300 mm.

The glass article described herein may have a maximum thickness alongthe entirety of its area of about 2 mm or less, about 1.8 mm or less,about 1.6 mm or less, about 1.5 mm or less, about 1.4 mm or less, about1.2 mm or less, about 1.1 mm or less, about 1 mm or less, about 0.8 mmor less, about 0.6 mm or less, about 0.5 mm or less, or about 0.4 mm orless.

In one or more embodiments, the first portion comprises a firstthickness and the second portion comprises a second thickness thatdiffers from the first thickness. In some embodiments, the firstthickness is less than the second thickness. In some embodiments, thefirst thickness is less than the second thickness.

The first thickness may be in a range from about 0.1 mm to about 1.5 mm,from about 0.2 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.3 mm to about 1.5 mm,from about 0.4 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.5 mm to about 1.5 mm,from about 0.55 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.6 mm to about 1.5 mm,from about 0.7 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.8 mm to about 1.5 mm,from about 0.9 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 1 mm to about 1.5 mm, fromabout 1.1 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 1.4 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 1.3 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 1.2 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 1.1 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 1 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.9 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.8 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.7 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.6 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.55 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.5 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.4 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.3 mm, fromabout 0.3 mm to about 0.7 mm, or from about 0.3 mm to about 0.55 mm.

The second thickness may be in a range from about 0.1 mm to about 1.5mm, from about 0.2 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.3 mm to about 1.5mm, from about 0.4 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.5 mm to about 1.5mm, from about 0.55 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.6 mm to about 1.5mm, from about 0.7 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 0.8 mm to about 1.5mm, from about 0.9 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 1 mm to about 1.5 mm,from about 1.1 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about mm to about 1.4 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 1.3 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 1.2 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 1.1 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 1 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.9 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.8 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.7 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.6 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.55 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.5 mm, fromabout 0.1 mm to about 0.4 mm, from about 0.1 mm to about 0.3 mm, fromabout 0.3 mm to about 0.7 mm, or from about 0.3 mm to about 0.55 mm.

In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system includes anadhesive disposed between the base surface and the glass article. In oneor more embodiments, the adhesive may have a thickness of about 1 mm orless. In some embodiments, the adhesive has a thickness in a range fromabout 200 μm to about 500 μm, from about 225 μm to about 500 μm, fromabout 250 μm to about 500 μm, from about 275 μm to about 500 μm, fromabout 300 μm to about 500 μm, from about 325 μm to about 500 lam, fromabout 350 μm to about 500 μm, from about 375 μm to about 500 μm, fromabout 400 μm to about 500 μm, from about 200 μm to about 475 μm, fromabout 200 lam to about 450 μm, from about 200 μm to about 425 μm, fromabout 200 μm to about 400 μm, from about 200 μm to about 375 μm, fromabout 200 μm to about 350 lam, from about 200 μm to about 325 μm, fromabout 200 μm to about 300 μm, or from about 225 μm to about 275 μm. Theadhesive may include a structural adhesive. In particular embodiments,exemplary structural adhesives include an adhesive selected from one ofmore of the categories: (a) Toughened Epoxy (Masterbond EP21TDCHT-LO, 3MScotch Weld Epoxy DP460 Off-white); (b) Flexible Epoxy (MasterbondEP21TDC-2LO, 3M Scotch Weld Epoxy 2216 B/A Gray); (c) Acrylic (LORDAdhesive 410/Accelerator 19 w/LORD AP 134 primer, LORD Adhesive 852/LORDAccelerator 25 GB, Loctite HF8000, Loctite AA4800); (d) Urethanes (3MScotch Weld Urethane DP640 Brown); and (e) Silicones (Dow Corning 995).In some cases, structural glues available in sheet format (such asB-staged epoxy adhesives) may be utilized. Furthermore, pressuresensitive structural adhesives such as 3M VHB tapes may be utilized. Insuch embodiments, utilizing a pressure sensitive adhesive allows for thecurved glass article to be bonded without the need for a curing step. Inone or more embodiments, the adhesive is a UV-curable adhesive. In oneor more embodiments, the adhesive may be an optically clear adhesive,such as a liquid optically clear adhesive, such as a liquid opticallyclear adhesive (LOCA) available from E3 Display.

In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system includes adisplay or touch panel 600 disposed between the base and the glassarticle, as shown in FIG. 4A. In one or more embodiments, the displayhas a display surface 602 having a display radius of curvature. In oneor more embodiments, the touch panel has a touch panel surface (notshown) having a touch panel radius of curvature. In one or moreembodiments, the display or touch panel may be coupled to either one ormore of the first elastically deformed surface, the second elasticallydeformed surface, the third elastically deformed surface or the fourthelastically deformed surface. In one or more embodiments, the display ortouch panel is coupled to either one of or both the first elasticallydeformed surface and the third elastically deformed surface. In one ormore embodiments, the display or touch panel radius of curvature iswithin 10% of either one or both the first and third radius ofcurvature. For example, the display or touch panel radius of curvaturemay be about 500 mm and the first and/or third radius of curvature maybe from about 450 mm to about 550 mm. The display or touch panel radiusof curvature may be within 8%, 6%, 5%, 4% or 2% of either one or boththe first and third radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, thesubstantially planar portion 430 is coupled to the display or touchpanel.

The display may be a liquid crystal display or an organic light emittingdiode display. In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior systemincludes an air gap between the display or touch panel surface and theglass article (i.e., a portion of the glass article is adjacent but notin direct contact with the display surface or touch panel surface).

In one or more embodiments, the base comprises any one of a dashboard, acenter console, a door panel, a headrest, an armrest, a seat back, afloor board, a pillar, or the steering wheel. In some embodiments, thebase surface comprises a convex shape having a base radius of curvature.In some embodiments, the base surface may be coupled to either one ormore of the first elastically deformed surface, the second elasticallydeformed surface, the third elastically deformed surface or the fourthelastically deformed surface. In one or more embodiments, the basesurface is coupled to either one of or both the first elasticallydeformed surface and the third elastically deformed surface. In someembodiments, the base radius of curvature is within 10% of either one orboth the first and third radius of curvature. The base radius ofcurvature may be within 8%, 6%, 5%, 4% or 2% of either one or both thefirst and third radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, theglass article comprises at least one opening. The opening may permitdirect access to the base surface (e.g., to access knobs, buttons orother components).

In one or more embodiments, the glass article includes a coating orsurface treatment disposed on either one or more of the firstelastically deformed surface, second elastically deformed surface, thirdelastically deformed surface, and fourth elastically deformed surface.For example, the coating or surface treatment may be disposed on eitherone or both of the first elastically deformed surface and the secondelastically deformed surface.

The coating or surface treatment may cover at least a portion of thesurface on which it is disposed. Exemplary surface treatments include aneasy-to-clean surface, an anti-glare surface, an anti-reflectivesurface, and a decorative surface. The decorative surface may include anink, paint or other pigment to provide an aesthetic design (e.g., awood-grain design, a brushed metal design, a graphic design, a portrait,or a logo). The decorative surface may be formed by printing. In one ormore embodiments, the anti-glare surface includes an etched surface. Inone or more embodiments, the anti-reflective surface includes amulti-layer coating. In one or more embodiments, the easy-to-cleansurface includes an oleophobic coating that imparts anti-fingerprintproperties.

In one or more embodiments, the glass article is strengthened asotherwise described herein. For example the glass article may bechemically strengthened, thermally strengthened, or mechanicallystrengthened. In some embodiments, the glass article chemicallystrengthened and mechanically strengthened, chemically strengthened andthermally strengthened or mechanically strengthened and thermallystrengthened.

Another aspect of this disclosure pertains to a vehicle interior systemcomprising: a base having a curved surface, and a glass articlecomprising a cold-formed and complexly curved continuous glass sheetdisposed on the curved surface. In one or more embodiments, the glasssheet comprises a glass surface wherein all points of the glass surfacehave a Gaussian curvature (GC) that is equal to zero (GC=Kmax*Kmin,wherein Kmax and Kmin are principal curvatures defined as Kmax=1/R′ andKmin=1/R″), and wherein one of Kmax and Kmin is non-zero. The glasssurface may form a portion of the total surface area of the glass sheetor an entire major surface of the glass sheet. The glass substrate iscomplexly curved in that it includes two separate bend regions, whereina first bend region in a first portion has a set of first bend linesegments, and a second bend in a second portion has a set of second bendline segments, wherein the first bend line segments and the second bendline segments are independent, are not parallel, and do not intersect.

In one or more embodiments, the glass sheet has a thickness of about 2mm or less (e.g., about 1.8 mm or less, about 1.6 mm or less, about 1.5mm or less, about 1.4 mm or less, about 1.2 mm or less, about 1.1 mm orless, about 1 mm or less, about 0.8 mm or less, about 0.6 mm or less,about 0.5 mm or less, or about 0.4 mm or less).

In one or more embodiments, a portion of the glass surface comprises aconcave shape and the radius of curvature (R′) of the concave shape isin a range from about 37.5 mm to about 500 mm (e.g., from about 37.5 mmto about 500 mm, from about 40 mm to about 500 mm, from about 50 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 75 mm to about 500 mm, from about 100 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 125 mm to about 500 mm, from about 150 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 175 mm to about 500 mm, from about 200 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 225 mm to about 500 mm, from about 250 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 37.5 mm to about 400 mm, from about 37.5 mm toabout 300 mm, from about 37.5 mm to about 250 mm, from about 37.5 mm toabout 200 mm, from about 37.5 mm to about 150 mm, or from about 37.5 mmto about 100 mm). In one or more embodiments, a portion of the glassarticle comprises a concave shape and R′ of the concave shape is in arange from about 15 mm to about 300 mm. In some embodiments with aconcave shape, the thickness of the glass article may be 0.4 mm and theR′ may be in a range from about 15 mm to about 100 mm, from about 30 mmto about 100 mm, from about 50 mm to about 100 mm, form about 75 mm toabout 100 mm, from about 15 mm to about 75 mm, from about 15 mm to about50 mm, or from about 15 mm to about 30 mm. In some embodiments with aconcave shape, the thickness of the glass article may be 0.55 mm and theR′ may be in a range from about 20 mm to about 150 mm, from about 40 mmto about 150 mm, from about 50 mm to about 150 mm, form about 75 mm toabout 150 mm, from about 20 mm to about 125 mm, from about 20 mm toabout 100 mm, or from about 20 mm to about 75 mm. In some embodimentswith a concave surface, the thickness of the substrate may be 0.7 mm andthe R′ may be in a range from about 25 mm to about 175 mm, from about 50mm to about 175 mm, from about 75 mm to about 175 mm, form about 100 mmto about 175 mm, from about 150 mm to about 175 mm, from about 25 mm toabout 150 mm, from about 25 mm to about 125 mm, from about 25 mm toabout 100 mm or from about 25 mm to about 75 mm. In some embodimentswith a concave shape, the thickness of the glass article may be 1.1 mmand the R′ may be in a range from about 40 mm to about 225 mm, fromabout 50 mm to about 225 mm, from about 75 mm to about 225 mm, formabout 100 mm to about 225 mm, from about 150 mm to about 225 mm, fromabout 40 mm to about 200 mm, from about 40 mm to about 175 mm, fromabout 40 mm to about 150 mm or from about 40 mm to about 100 mm. In someembodiments with a concave shape, the thickness of the glass article maybe 1.3 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about 150 mm to about 250mm, from about 175 mm to about 250 mm, from about 200 mm to about 250mm, form about 225 mm to about 250 mm, from about 150 mm to about 225mm, from about 150 mm to about 200 mm, or from about 150 mm to about 175mm.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of the glass surface comprises aconvex shape and radius of curvature (R′) of the convex shape is in arange from about 20 mm to about 500 mm (e.g., from about 40 mm to about500 mm, from about 50 mm to about 500 mm, from about 75 mm to about 500mm, from about 100 mm to about 500 mm, from about 120 mm to about 500mm, from about 140 mm to about 500 mm, from about 150 mm to about 500mm, from about 160 mm to about 500 mm, from about 180 mm to about 500mm, from about 200 mm to about 500 mm, from about 250 mm to about 500mm, from about 300 mm to about 500 mm, from about 20 mm to about 400 mm,from about 20 mm to about 300 mm, from about 20 mm to about 250 mm, fromabout 20 mm to about 200 mm, from about 20 mm to about 150 mm, or fromabout 20 mm to about 100 mm). In some embodiments, a portion of theglass article may have a convex shape, a thickness of about 0.4 mm, andan R′ in a range from about 100 mm to about 200 mm, from about 125 mm toabout 200 mm, from about 150 mm to about 200 mm, form about 175 mm toabout 200 mm, from about 100 mm to about 175 mm, from about 100 mm toabout 150 mm, or from about 100 mm to about 125 mm. In some embodimentswith a convex shape, the thickness of the glass article may be about0.55 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about 150 mm to about 250 mm,from about 175 mm to about 250 mm, from about 200 mm to about 250 mm,form about 225 mm to about 250 mm, from about 150 mm to about 225 mm,from about 150 mm to about 200 mm, or from about 150 mm to about 175 mm.In some embodiments with a convex shape, the thickness of the glassarticle may be 0.7 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about 200 mm toabout 300 mm, from about 225 mm to about 300 mm, from about 250 mm toabout 300 mm, form about 275 mm to about 300 mm, from about 200 mm toabout 275 mm, from about 200 mm to about 250 mm, or from about 200 mm toabout 225 mm. In some embodiments with a convex shape, the thickness ofthe glass article may be 1.1 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about350 mm to about 450 mm, from about 375 mm to about 450 mm, from about300 mm to about 450 mm, form about 325 mm to about 450 mm, from about350 mm to about 425 mm, from about 350 mm to about 400 mm, or from about350 mm to about 375 mm. In some embodiments with a convex shape, thethickness of the glass article may be 1.3 mm and the R′ may be in arange from about 450 mm to about 550 mm, from about 475 mm to about 550mm, from about 400 mm to about 550 mm, form about 425 mm to about 550mm, from about 450 mm to about 525 mm, from about 450 mm to about 500mm, or from about 450 mm to about 475 mm.

In one or more embodiments, the vehicle interior system includes adisplay or a touch panel. In one or more embodiments, the display ortouch panel is disposed between the base and the glass article. In someembodiments, the display or touch panel is curved.

In some embodiments, the glass sheet is strengthened, as describedherein.

The glass sheet of one or more embodiments includes a first majorsurface and a second major surface opposing the first major surface,wherein either one or both of the first major surface and the secondmajor surface comprises a coating or surface treatment (as describedherein). In one or more embodiments, the glass sheet further comprisesan opening.

Another aspect of this disclosure pertains to a glass article for anautomobile interior that includes a first portion having a first lengthwith a first bend over at least a portion of the first length, the firstbend having a first bend axis, a second portion extending in a directiongenerally perpendicular to the first portion, the second portion havinga second length with a second bend over at least a portion of the secondlength, the second portion having a second bend axis, wherein the bendin the first portion and the bend in the second portion concavely curvein opposite directions and the first bend axis and the second bend axisare not parallel. In some embodiments, the bend in the first portion andthe bend in the second portion are separated by a substantially planarportion. In some embodiments, the glass article has a T-shape, or anL-shape. In some instances, the glass article may optionally include athird bend axis that is parallel to one of the first and second bendaxes.

In one or more embodiments, the glass article has a thickness of about 2mm or less (e.g., about 1.8 mm or less, about 1.6 mm or less, about 1.5mm or less, about 1.4 mm or less, about 1.2 mm or less, about 1.1 mm orless, about 1 mm or less, about 0.8 mm or less, about 0.6 mm or less,about 0.5 mm or less, or about 0.4 mm or less).

In one or more embodiments, a portion of the glass article comprises aconcave shape and the radius of curvature (R′) of the concave shape isin a range from about 37.5 mm to about 500 mm (e.g., from about 37.5 mmto about 500 mm, from about 40 mm to about 500 mm, from about 50 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 75 mm to about 500 mm, from about 100 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 125 mm to about 500 mm, from about 150 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 175 mm to about 500 mm, from about 200 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 225 mm to about 500 mm, from about 250 mm toabout 500 mm, from about 37.5 mm to about 400 mm, from about 37.5 mm toabout 300 mm, from about 37.5 mm to about 250 mm, from about 37.5 mm toabout 200 mm, from about 37.5 mm to about 150 mm, or from about 37.5 mmto about 100 mm). In one or more embodiments, a portion of the glassarticle comprises a concave shape and R′ of the concave shape is in arange from about 15 mm to about 300 mm. In some embodiments with aconcave shape, the thickness of the glass article may be 0.4 mm and theR′ may be in a range from about 15 mm to about 100 mm, from about 30 mmto about 100 mm, from about 50 mm to about 100 mm, form about 75 mm toabout 100 mm, from about 15 mm to about 75 mm, from about 15 mm to about50 mm, or from about 15 mm to about 30 mm. In some embodiments with aconcave shape, the thickness of the glass article may be 0.55 mm and theR′ may be in a range from about 20 mm to about 150 mm, from about 40 mmto about 150 mm, from about 50 mm to about 150 mm, form about 75 mm toabout 150 mm, from about 20 mm to about 125 mm, from about 20 mm toabout 100 mm, or from about 20 mm to about 75 mm. In some embodimentswith a concave surface, the thickness of the substrate may be 0.7 mm andthe R′ may be in a range from about 25 mm to about 175 mm, from about 50mm to about 175 mm, from about 75 mm to about 175 mm, form about 100 mmto about 175 mm, from about 150 mm to about 175 mm, from about 25 mm toabout 150 mm, from about 25 mm to about 125 mm, from about 25 mm toabout 100 mm or from about 25 mm to about 75 mm. In some embodimentswith a concave shape, the thickness of the glass article may be 1.1 mmand the R′ may be in a range from about 40 mm to about 225 mm, fromabout 50 mm to about 225 mm, from about 75 mm to about 225 mm, formabout 100 mm to about 225 mm, from about 150 mm to about 225 mm, fromabout 40 mm to about 200 mm, from about 40 mm to about 175 mm, fromabout 40 mm to about 150 mm or from about 40 mm to about 100 mm. In someembodiments with a concave shape, the thickness of the glass article maybe 1.3 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about 150 mm to about 250mm, from about 175 mm to about 250 mm, from about 200 mm to about 250mm, form about 225 mm to about 250 mm, from about 150 mm to about 225mm, from about 150 mm to about 200 mm, or from about 150 mm to about 175mm.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of the glass article comprises aconvex shape and radius of curvature (R′) of the convex shape is in arange from about 20 mm to about 500 mm (e.g., from about 40 mm to about500 mm, from about 50 mm to about 500 mm, from about 75 mm to about 500mm, from about 100 mm to about 500 mm, from about 120 mm to about 500mm, from about 140 mm to about 500 mm, from about 150 mm to about 500mm, from about 160 mm to about 500 mm, from about 180 mm to about 500mm, from about 200 mm to about 500 mm, from about 250 mm to about 500mm, from about 300 mm to about 500 mm, from about 20 mm to about 400 mm,from about 20 mm to about 300 mm, from about 20 mm to about 250 mm, fromabout 20 mm to about 200 mm, from about 20 mm to about 150 mm, or fromabout 20 mm to about 100 mm). In some embodiments, a portion of theglass article may have a convex shape, a thickness of about 0.4 mm, andan R′ in a range from about 100 mm to about 200 mm, from about 125 mm toabout 200 mm, from about 150 mm to about 200 mm, form about 175 mm toabout 200 mm, from about 100 mm to about 175 mm, from about 100 mm toabout 150 mm, or from about 100 mm to about 125 mm. In some embodimentswith a convex shape, the thickness of the glass article may be about0.55 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about 150 mm to about 250 mm,from about 175 mm to about 250 mm, from about 200 mm to about 250 mm,form about 225 mm to about 250 mm, from about 150 mm to about 225 mm,from about 150 mm to about 200 mm, or from about 150 mm to about 175 mm.In some embodiments with a convex shape, the thickness of the glassarticle may be 0.7 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about 200 mm toabout 300 mm, from about 225 mm to about 300 mm, from about 250 mm toabout 300 mm, form about 275 mm to about 300 mm, from about 200 mm toabout 275 mm, from about 200 mm to about 250 mm, or from about 200 mm toabout 225 mm. In some embodiments with a convex shape, the thickness ofthe glass article may be 1.1 mm and the R′ may be in a range from about350 mm to about 450 mm, from about 375 mm to about 450 mm, from about300 mm to about 450 mm, form about 325 mm to about 450 mm, from about350 mm to about 425 mm, from about 350 mm to about 400 mm, or from about350 mm to about 375 mm. In some embodiments with a convex shape, thethickness of the glass article may be 1.3 mm and the R′ may be in arange from about 450 mm to about 550 mm, from about 475 mm to about 550mm, from about 400 mm to about 550 mm, form about 425 mm to about 550mm, from about 450 mm to about 525 mm, from about 450 mm to about 500mm, or from about 450 mm to about 475 mm.

The glass article of one or more embodiments includes a first majorsurface and a second major surface opposing the first major surface. Inone or more embodiments, either one or both of the first major surfaceand the second major surface comprises a coating or surface treatment(as described herein). In one or more embodiments, the glass articleincludes a display or a touch panel that is coupled to the firstsurface. In one or more embodiments, the glass article includes an airgap between the display and the first surface. In some embodiments, thedisplay or touch panel is curved. In some embodiments, the glass sheetis strengthened, as described herein. In one or more embodiments, theglass article comprises an opening.

It will be understood that the disclosure further provides for at leastthe following embodiments:

A first embodiment pertaining to a glass article comprising acold-formed, complexly-curved continuous glass sheet having a first bendin a first portion of the sheet defining a first bend region and havinga set of first bend line segments, and a second bend in a second portionof the sheet defining a second bend region and having a set of secondbend line segments, wherein the first bend line segments and the secondbend line segments are independent, are not parallel, and do notintersect.

In a second embodiment, the first embodiment includes the feature of afirst portion of the sheet includes the first bend region and a secondportion of the sheet includes the second bend region.

In a third embodiment, the second embodiment includes the feature of thefirst portion has a plurality of bend regions having a plurality offirst portion bend axes, wherein at least two of the first portion bendaxes are parallel.

In a fourth embodiment, the third embodiment includes the feature ofsecond portion has a plurality of bend regions having a plurality ofsecond portion bend axes, wherein at least two of the first portion bendaxes are parallel.

In a fifth embodiment, the fourth embodiment includes the feature of thefirst portion includes an S-curve.

In a sixth embodiment, the fifth embodiment includes the feature of thesecond portion includes an S-curve.

In a seventh embodiment, the sixth embodiment includes the feature ofthe first bend region and the second bend region are separated by a flatregion that is not curved for a distance of at least 10 millimeters.

In an eighth embodiment, the first embodiment includes the feature ofthe glass article has a first bend stress magnitude at the first bendregion, a second bend stress magnitude at the second bend region, and aflat region stress magnitude, and the flat region stress magnitudediffers from the first bend stress magnitude and the second bend stressmagnitude by at least 1 MPa.

In a ninth embodiment, the eighth embodiment includes the feature of theflat region stress magnitude differs from the first bend stressmagnitude and the second bend stress magnitude by at least 10 MPa.

In a tenth embodiment, the first embodiment includes the feature of thesheet has a first surface and a second surface and a thickness definedby the first surface and second surface, and the thickness is in a rangeof 25 micrometers and 5 millimeters.

In an eleventh embodiment, the first embodiment includes the feature ofat least one of the first bend and the second bend has a radius ofcurvature of greater than 25 millimeters and less than 5 meters.

In a twelfth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment includes the feature ofboth the first bend and the second bend have a radius of curvature ofgreater than 25 millimeters and less than 5 meters.

In a thirteenth embodiment, the first embodiment includes the feature ofthe sheet has a first surface and a second surface, wherein the firstbend has a first bend compressive stress at the first surface that isgreater than a first bend compressive stress at the second surface, andwherein the second bend has a second bend compressive stress at thefirst surface that is greater than a second bend compressive stress atthe second surface.

In a fourteenth embodiment, the first through thirteenth embodimentsinclude the feature of the glass article comprises a strengthened glasssubstrate selected from the group consisting of a laminated glasssubstrate, chemically strengthened glass substrate, a thermallystrengthened glass substrate and a combination thereof.

In a fifteenth embodiment, the first through fourteenth embodimentsinclude the feature of the sheet comprises an ion exchangeable alkalialuminosilicate glass composition.

In a sixteenth embodiment, the first through fourteenth embodimentsinclude the feature of the sheet comprises an ion exchangeable alkalialuminoborosilicate glass composition.

In a seventeenth embodiment, the first through sixteenth embodimentsinclude the feature of the sheet comprises a chemically strengthenedglass substrate with ions exchanged in an outer region to a depth oflayer (DOL) in a range of about 10 micrometers to about 90 micrometersfrom an outer surface of the glass substrate.

In an eighteenth embodiment, the seventeenth embodiment includes thefeature of the outer region has a compressive stress (CS) magnitude in arange of 300 MPa to 1000 MPa.

In a nineteenth embodiment, the eighteenth embodiment includes thefeature of the CS is in the range of 600 MPa to about 1000 MPa.

In a twentieth embodiment, the first through nineteenth embodimentsinclude the feature of the glass article is selected from the groupconsisting of an architectural glass substrate, a vehicle interior glasssubstrate, and an appliance glass substrate.

A twenty-first embodiment pertains to a vehicle interior componentcomprising the glass article of any of the first through nineteenthembodiments.

In a twenty-second embodiment, the twenty-first embodiment includes thefeature of a support surface and the glass article on the supportsurface.

In a twenty-third embodiment, the twenty-second embodiment includes thefeature of being selected from the group consisting of a display, acenter console, a dashboard, a door panel, a pillar, a floor board, anarm rest and an instrument cluster cover.

In a twenty-fourth embodiment, the twenty-second embodiment includes thefeature of the glass article further includes one or more of ananti-glare coating, an anti-reflective coating, an oleophobic coating,an anti-scratch coating and an ink coating.

In a twenty-fifth embodiment, the twenty-second embodiment includes thefeature of the support surface comprises fabric, leather, polymer, wood,metal and combinations thereof.

A twenty-sixth embodiment pertains to a vehicle comprising a cabin andan interior, the interior comprising the vehicle interior component ofany of the twentieth through twenty-fifth embodiments.

A twenty-seventh embodiment pertains to an automobile interior componentcomprising a cold-formed, complexly-curved continuous glass sheet havinga first portion having a first bend defining a first bend region with aset of first bend line segments, and a second portion having a secondbend defining a second bend region with a set of second bend linesegments, wherein the first bend line segments and the second bend linesegments are independent, are not parallel, and do not intersect, atleast one of the first portion and the second portion comprises a flatregion that is not curved for a distance of at least 10 millimeters, andthe glass article has a first bend stress magnitude at the first bendregion, a second bend stress magnitude at the second bend region, and aflat region stress magnitude, and the flat region stress magnitudediffers from the first bend stress magnitude and the second bend stressmagnitude by at least 1 MPa.

A twenty-eighth embodiment pertains to a method of forming a complexlycurved glass article comprising cold forming a continuous glass sheetabout a preform having a first bend region with a set of first bend linesegments, and a second bend region with a set of second bend linesegments, wherein the first bend line segments and the second bend linesegments are independent, are not parallel, and do not intersect.

In a twenty-ninth embodiment, the twenty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of the glass sheet has a glass transition temperature and thecold forming is performed at a temperature below the glass transitiontemperature.

In a thirtieth embodiment, the twenty-ninth embodiment includes thefeature of the cold forming is performed at a temperature of less than200° C.

In a thirty-first embodiment, the twenty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of the glass sheet prior to cold forming has a shape including afirst portion and a second portion that intersect to form the continuoussheet.

In a thirty-second embodiment, the thirty-first embodiment includes thefeature of the glass sheet prior to cold forming has a shape selectedfrom the group consisting of an L-shape, a T-shape, an I-shape, aC-shape, an H-shape, a V-shape and an X-shape.

In a thirty-third embodiment, the thirty-second embodiment includes thefeature of the cold forming imparts a first bend along a first bend axisin the first portion and a second bend along a second bend axis is thesecond portion.

In a thirty-fourth embodiment, the thirty-third embodiment includes thefeature of the cold forming imparts a plurality of bends in the firstportion along a plurality of first portion bend axes, wherein at leasttwo of the first portion bend axes are parallel.

In a thirty-fifth embodiment, the thirty-fourth embodiment includes thefeature of the cold forming imparts a plurality of bends in the secondportion along a plurality of second portion bend axes, wherein at leasttwo of the second portion bend axes are parallel.

In a thirty-sixth embodiment, the thirty-fifth embodiment includes thefeature of the first portion includes an S-curve after cold forming.

In a thirty-seventh embodiment, the thirty-sixth embodiment includes thefeature of the second portion includes an S-curve after cold forming.

In a thirty-eighth embodiment, the thirty-third embodiment includes thefeature of at least one of the first portion and the second portioncomprises a flat region after cold forming that is not curved for adistance of at least 10 millimeters.

In a thirty-ninth embodiment, the thirty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of the glass article has a first bend stress magnitude at thefirst bend region, a second bend stress magnitude at the second bendregion, and a flat region stress magnitude, and the flat region stressmagnitude differs from the first bend stress magnitude and the secondbend stress magnitude by at least 1 MPa.

In a fortieth embodiment, the thirty-ninth embodiment includes thefeature of the flat region stress magnitude differs from the first bendstress magnitude and the second bend stress magnitude by at least 10MPa.

In a forty-first embodiment, the thirty-third embodiment includes thefeature of the sheet has a first surface and a second surface, whereinthe first bend has a first bend compressive stress at the first surfacethat is greater than a first bend compressive stress at the secondsurface, and wherein the second bend has a second bend compressivestress at the first surface that is greater than a second bendcompressive stress at the second surface.

In a forty-second embodiment, the twenty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of the sheet has a first surface and a second surface and athickness defined by the first surface and second surface, and thethickness is in a range of 25 micrometers and 5 millimeters.

In a forty-third embodiment, the twenty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of at least one of the first bend and the second bend has aradius of curvature of greater than 25 millimeters and less than 5meters.

In a forty-fourth embodiment, the twenty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of both the first bend and the second bend have a radius ofcurvature of greater than 25 millimeters and less than 5 meters.

In a forty-fifth embodiment, the twenty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of the glass sheet is coated prior to cold forming.

In a forty-sixth embodiment, the twenty-eighth embodiment includes thefeature of the coating comprises one or more of an anti-glare coating,an anti-reflection coating, an oleophobic coating, an anti-scratchcoating and an ink coating.

In a forty-seventh embodiment, the twenty-eighth through forty-sixthembodiments include the feature of the glass article comprises astrengthened glass substrate selected from the group consisting of alaminated glass substrate, chemically strengthened glass substrate, athermally strengthened glass substrate and a combination thereof.

In a forty-eighth embodiment, the twenty-eighth through forty-seventhembodiments include the feature of the sheet comprises an ionexchangeable alkali aluminosilicate glass composition.

In a forty-ninth embodiment, the twenty-eighth through forty-seventhembodiments include the feature of the sheet comprises an ionexchangeable alkali aluminoborosilicate glass composition.

In a fiftieth embodiment, the twenty-eighth through forty-ninthembodiments include the feature of the sheet comprises a chemicallystrengthened glass substrate with ions exchanged in an outer region to adepth of layer (DOL) in a range of about 10 micrometers to about 90micrometers from an outer surface of the glass substrate.

In a fifty-first embodiment, the twenty-eighth through forty-sixthembodiments include the feature of the outer region has a compressivestress (CS) magnitude in a range of 300 MPa to 1000 MPa.

In a fifty-second embodiment, the fifty-first embodiment includes thefeature of the CS is in the range of 600 MPa to about 1000 MPa.

In a fifty-third embodiment, the twenty-eighth through fifty-seventhembodiments include the feature of the glass article is selected fromthe group consisting of an architectural glass substrate, a vehicleinterior glass substrate, and an appliance glass substrate.

A fifty-fourth embodiment of this disclosure pertains to a vehicleinterior system comprising: a base having a base surface; and a glassarticle coupled to the surface, wherein the glass article comprises afirst portion comprising a first elastically deformed surface forming afirst concave shape with a first radius of curvature from about 20 mm toabout 2000 mm, and a second elastically deformed surface directlyopposite the first elastically deformed surface that forms a secondconvex shape, wherein the second elastically deformed surface has asurface compressive stress that is less than a compressive stress at thefirst elastically deformed surface, and a second portion adjacent thefirst portion, wherein the second portion is substantially planarportion or comprises a third elastically deformed surface forming athird concave shape with a third radius of curvature and a fourthelastically deformed surface that is directly opposite the thirdelastically deformed surface and forms a fourth convex shape, whereinthe first radius of curvature and the third radius of curvature differor the third elastically deformed surface indirectly opposes the firstelastically deformed surface.

In a fifty-fifth embodiment, the fifty-fourth embodiment hassubstantially planar portion having a radius of curvature that isgreater than about 2000 mm.

In a fifty-sixth embodiment, the fifty-fourth or fifty-fifth embodimentfurther comprises an adhesive disposed between the base surface and theglass article.

In a fifty-seventh embodiment, any one of the fifty-fourth throughfifty-sixth embodiments further comprises a display having a displaysurface disposed between the base and the glass article.

In a fifty-eighth embodiment, the display surface of the fifty-seventhembodiment comprises a display radius of curvature, and wherein eitherone or both of the first and third elastically deformed surface iscoupled to the display surface.

In a fifty-ninth embodiment, the radius of curvature of the fifty-eighthembodiment is within 10% of either one or both the first and thirdradius of curvature.

In a sixtieth embodiment, the fifty-seventh embodiment has asubstantially planar portion that is coupled to the display.

In a sixty-first embodiment, the vehicle interior system of any one ofthe fifty-seventh through sixtieth embodiments further comprises an airgap between the display surface and the glass article.

In a sixty-second embodiment, the base of any one of the fifty-sevenththrough sixty-first embodiments comprises any one of a dashboard, acenter console, a door panel, a headrest, an armrest, a seat back, afloor board, a pillar, or the steering wheel.

In a sixty-third embodiment, the base of the sixty-second embodimentcomprises a concave shape having a base radius of curvature.

In a sixty-fourth embodiment, either one or both of the first and thirdelastically deformed concave surface of the sixty-third embodiment iscoupled to the base surface.

In a sixty-fifth embodiment, the base radius of curvature of thesixty-third or sixty-fourth embodiments is within 10% of either one orboth the first and third radius of curvature.

In a sixty-sixth embodiment, the glass article of any one of thefifty-fourth through the sixty-fifth embodiments comprises at least oneopening.

In a sixty-seventh embodiment, any one of the fifty-fourth through thesixty-sixth embodiments has a first portion with a first thickness and asecond portion with a second thickness that differs from the firstthickness.

In a sixty-eighth embodiment, the sixty-seventh embodiment has a firstthickness that is less than the second thickness.

In a sixty-ninth embodiment, the sixty-seventh embodiment has a firstthickness that is greater than or equal to the second thickness.

In a seventieth embodiment, the second convex surface of any one of thefifty-fourth through the sixty-ninth embodiments comprises a non-zerosurface compressive stress.

In a seventy-first embodiment, the vehicle interior system of any one ofthe fifty-fourth through seventieth embodiments further comprises acoating or surface treatment disposed on either one or both of the firstelastically deformed surface and the second elastically deformedsurface.

In a seventy-second embodiment, the glass article of any one of thefifty-fourth through seventy-first embodiments has a maximum thicknessof about 1.5 mm or less.

In a seventy-third embodiment, the first radius of curvature of any oneof the fifty-fourth through seventy-second embodiments is in a rangefrom about 20 mm to about 1500 mm.

In a seventy-fourth embodiment, the third radius of curvature of any oneof the fifty-fourth through seventy-third embodiments is in a range fromabout 20 mm to about 1500 mm.

In a seventy-fifth embodiment, the glass article of any one of thefifty-fourth through seventy-fourth embodiments is strengthened.

A seventy-sixth embodiment pertains to a vehicle interior systemcomprising a base having a curved surface; a glass article comprising acold-formed and complexly curved continuous glass sheet disposed on thecurved surface, the glass sheet comprising a glass surface, wherein atall point of the glass surface have a Gaussian curvature (GC) that isequal to zero (GC=Kmax*Kmin, wherein Kmax and Kmin are principalcurvatures defined as Kmax=1/R′ and Kmin=1/R″), and wherein one of Kmaxand Kmin is non-zero.

In a seventy-seventh embodiment, the glass sheet of the seventy-sixthembodiment has a thickness of about 1.5 mm or less.

In a seventy-eighth embodiment, a portion of the glass surface of theseventy-sixth or seventy-seventh embodiment comprises a concave shapeand R′ of the concave shape is in a range from about 37.5 mm to about500 mm.

In a seventy-ninth embodiment, a portion of the glass surface of theseventy-sixth or seventy-seventh embodiment comprises a convex shape andR′ of the convex shape is in a range from about 20 mm to about 500 mm.

In an eightieth embodiment, the vehicle interior system of any one ofthe seventy-sixth through seventy-ninth embodiments further comprises adisplay.

In an eighty-first embodiment, the display of the eightieth embodimentis disposed between the base and the glass article.

In an eighty-second embodiment, the display of the eightieth oreighty-first embodiment is curved.

In an eighty-third embodiment, the glass sheet of any one of theseventy-sixth through eighty-second embodiments sheet is strengthened.

In an eighty-fourth embodiment, the glass sheet of any one of theseventy-sixth through eighty-third embodiments comprises a first majorsurface and a second major surface opposing the first major surface,wherein either one or both of the first major surface and the secondmajor surface comprises a coating or surface treatment.

In an eighty-fifth embodiment, the glass sheet of any one of theseventy-sixth through eighty-fourth embodiments comprises an opening.

An eighty-sixth embodiment pertains to a glass article for an automobileinterior comprising: a first portion having a first length with a firstbend over at least a portion of the first length, the first bend havinga first bend axis; a second portion extending in a direction generallyperpendicular to the first portion, the second portion having a secondlength with a second bend over at least a portion of the second length,the second portion having a second bend axis; wherein the bend in thefirst portion and the bend in the second portion concavely curve inopposite directions and the first bend axis and the second bend axis arenot parallel.

In an eighty-seventh embodiment, the glass article of the eighty-sixthembodiment includes a bend in the first portion and a bend in the secondportion that are separated by a substantially planar portion.

In an eighty-eighth embodiment, the glass article of the eighty-sixth oreighty-seventh embodiments has a T-shape.

In an eighty-ninth embodiment, the glass article of the eighty-sixth oreighty-seventh embodiments has an L-shape.

In an ninetieth embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through eighty-ninth embodiments further comprises a thirdbend axis that is parallel to one of the first and second bend axes.

In ninety-first embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through ninetieth embodiments has a thickness of about 1.5mm or less.

In ninety-second embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through ninety-first embodiments has a portion thatcomprises a concave shape and R′ of the concave shape is in a range fromabout 37.5 mm to about 500 mm.

In ninety-third embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through ninety-first embodiments has a portion thatcomprises a convex shape and R′ of the convex shape is in a range fromabout 20 mm to about 500 mm.

In ninety-fourth embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through ninety-third embodiments comprises a first majorsurface and a second major surface opposing the first major surface,wherein either one or both of the first major surface and the secondmajor surface comprises a coating or surface treatment.

In ninety-fifth embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through ninety-fourth embodiments has a first major surfaceand a second major surface opposing the first major surface and adisplay or touch panel coupled to the first surface.

In a ninety-sixth embodiment, the glass article of the ninety-fifthembodiment further comprises an air gap between the display and thefirst surface.

In a ninety-seventh embodiment, the display or touch panel of theninety-fifth through ninety-sixth embodiments is curved.

In a ninety-eighth embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through ninety-seventh embodiments, wherein the glassarticle is strengthened.

In a ninety-ninth embodiment, the glass article of any one of theeighty-sixth through ninety-eighth embodiments, wherein the glassarticle further comprises an opening.

Although the disclosure herein has been described with reference toparticular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodimentsare merely illustrative of the principles and applications of thepresent disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art thatvarious modifications and variations can be made to the method andapparatus of the present disclosure without departing from the spiritand scope of the disclosure. Thus, it is intended that the presentdisclosure include modifications and variations that are within thescope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A glass article of a vehicle interior componentcomprising: a base comprising a base surface; and a glass sheet adheredto the base surface via an adhesive layer such that the glass sheetconforms to the base surface and is cold-formed, wherein the glass sheetcomprises a first major surface and a second major surface disposedopposite the first major surface and wherein the second major surface isadhered to the base surface, wherein, as a result of being cold-formed,the first major surface comprises: a first curved region that is curvedat a first radius of curvature is greater than or equal to 20 mm andless than or equal to 2000 mm; a second curved region that is curved ata second radius of curvature that is different from the first radius ofcurvature, wherein the second radius of curvature is greater than orequal to 20 mm and less than or equal to 2000 mm; and a substantiallyflat region that is curved to a lesser extent than the first curvedregion and the second curved region.
 2. The glass article of claim 1,wherein the substantially flat region comprises a radius of curvaturethat is 2500 mm or greater.
 3. The glass article of claim 1, wherein:the first curved region and the second curved region are adjacent bendregions, and the substantially flat region is disposed between the firstcurved region and the second curved region.
 4. The glass article ofclaim 3, wherein the substantially flat region spans a distance from 10mm to 500 mm.
 5. The glass article of claim 1, wherein: the first curvedregion and the second curved region both comprise a concave shape or aconvex shape; the first curved region curves around a first bend axis;the second curved region curves around a second bend axis; and the firstbend axis is not parallel with the second bend axis.
 6. The glassarticle of claim 5, wherein a difference between the first radius ofcurvature and the second radius of curvature is greater than or equal to10 mm.
 7. The glass article of claim 5, wherein: the first curved regionis in a first portion of the glass sheet, the second curved region is ina second portion of the glass sheet, the first portion and the secondportion extend in different directions relative to one another, and theglass sheet comprises a peripheral shape selected from the groupconsisting of an L-shape, a T-shape, an I-shape, an H-shape, a V-shape,and an X-shape.
 8. The glass article of claim 7, wherein the firstportion is disposed adjacent to the second portion.
 9. The glass articleof claim 1, wherein the glass sheet comprises a maximum thickness of 1.5mm or less.
 10. The glass article according to claim 1, wherein, as aresult of being cold-formed, the glass sheet comprises compressivestress magnitudes at the first major surface in the first and secondcurved regions that differ from compressive stress magnitudes at thesecond major surface in regions opposite the first and second curvedregions.
 11. The glass article of claim 10, wherein the compressivestress magnitudes at the first and second major surfaces differ from oneanother by at least MPa at the first and second curved regions.
 12. Theglass article of claim 10, wherein a compressive stress magnitude in thesubstantially flat region differs from the compressive stress magnitudesin the first and second curved regions.
 13. The glass article of claim12, wherein the glass sheet comprises an ion exchangeable alkalialuminosilicate glass composition or alkali aluminoborosilicate glasscomposition.
 14. The glass article of claim 12, wherein the glass sheetis chemically strengthened to comprise a surface compressive stressgreater than 500 MPa, a depth of compressive layer greater than 15micrometers, and a central tension greater than 18 MPa.
 15. A glassarticle of a vehicle interior component comprising: a base comprising abase surface; and a glass sheet adhered to the base surface via anadhesive layer such that the glass sheet conforms to the base surfaceand is cold-formed, wherein the glass sheet comprises a first majorsurface and a second major surface disposed opposite the first majorsurface and wherein the second major surface is adhered to the basesurface, wherein, as a result of being cold-formed, the first majorsurface comprises: a first curved region that is curved at a firstradius of curvature; a second curved region that is curved at a secondradius of curvature that is different from the first radius ofcurvature; and a substantially flat region that is curved to a lesserextent than the first curved region and the second curved region,wherein: the first major surface comprises compressive stress magnitudesat the first major surface in the first and second curved regions thatdiffer from compressive stress magnitudes at regions of the second majorsurface opposite the first and second curved regions; and a compressivestress magnitude in the substantially flat region differs from thecompressive stress magnitudes in the first and second curved regions.16. The glass article of claim 15, wherein the compressive stressmagnitudes at the first major surface in the first and second curvedregions differ from the compressive stress magnitudes at regions of thesecond major surface opposite the first and second curved regions by atleast 10 MPa.
 17. The glass article of claim 16, wherein the glass sheetcomprises an ion exchangeable alkali aluminosilicate glass compositionor alkali aluminoborosilicate glass composition.
 18. The glass articleof claim 17, wherein the glass sheet is chemically strengthened tocomprise a surface compressive stress greater than 500 MPa, a depth ofcompressive layer greater than 15 micrometers, and a central tensiongreater than 18 MPa.
 19. The glass article of claim 15, wherein: thefirst curved region and the second curved region both comprise a concaveshape or a convex shape; the first curved region curves around a firstbend axis; the second curved region curves around a second bend axis;and the first bend axis is not parallel with the second bend axis. 20.The glass article of claim 19, wherein: the first curved region is in afirst portion of the glass sheet, the second curved region is in asecond portion of the glass sheet, the first portion and the secondportion extend in different directions relative to one another, and theglass sheet comprises a peripheral shape selected from the groupconsisting of an L-shape, a T-shape, an I-shape, an H-shape, a V-shape,and an X-shape.